Chapter-4
Ode
to Autumn
-John
Keats
Biography
Ø John Keats was born at Moonfields, London in 1795 and died in 1821.
Ø He is one of the greatest of English Romantic poets.
Ø He studied at Clark’s School at Enfield.
Ø He was interested in Cricket and boxing.
Ø He translated Virgil’s Aeneid.
Ø His first poem ‘Lines in Imitation of Spenser’ was published in 1814.
Ø His poem ‘Endymion’ was well appreciated by Wordsworth. It was published
in 1818.
Ø His odes On Indolence, On a Grecian Urn, To Psyche, To a Nightingale, On
Melancholy and Ode to Autumn.
Ø He has written Lamia and Hyperion.
Ø He was died of tuberculosis in 1821 at the age of 26.
Summary: This poem is written by John
Keats. In this poem John Keats describes the beauty and characteristics of
autumn season. He says that autumn season is good season because in this season
people are happy. They feel very good because this season is neither hot nor
very cool. Wind blows very friendly. In this season new leaves and fruits grow
on the trees. In this season nature looks very beautiful because there is
greenery everywhere. All people feel to work in this season even the birds also
sing. The sun rays of this season make the fruit fleshy, fat and tasty. In this
season nature remains calm and cool.
Objective Type Question
1.
John Keats was born in………
a)1795, England
b)1939, England
c)1985, America
2.
John Keats died in………..
a)1821
b)1822
c)1823
3.
“Ode to Autumn’ is………………..
a)an epic
b)an elegy
c)an ode
4.
In ‘Ode to Autumn’ Keats deals with…………in detail.
a)Spring
b)summer
c)Autumn
5.
John Keats was born at…………………, London.
a)Moon fields
b)Camden
c)West Hills
6.
John Keats studied at………………….. at Enfield.
a)Lincoln’s Inn
b)Clark’s School
c)Cambridge
7.
John Keats was interested in………………….
a)Hokey
b)football
c)cricket & boxing
8.
John Keats is……….
a)metaphysical poet
b)romantic poet
c)classical poet
9.
Virgil Aeneid was translated by….
a)Walt Whitman
b)John Keats
c)T.S Eliot
10.
‘Ode to Autumn’ consists of……………
a)four stanzas
b)three stanzas
c)five stanzas
11.
The theme of Autumn is…………….
a)scarcity
b)abundance
c)fulfillment
12.
Who called ‘Ode to Autumn’ Keats most satisfying of all the odes?
a)Dryden
b)Wordsworth
c)Arthur Rickett
13.
Lines in imitation of Spenser is written by……
a)Auden
b)Keats
c)Eliot
14.
Lines in imitation of Spenser is john Keats’s….
a)1st poem
b)2nd poem
c)3rd poem
15.
Lines in imitation of Spenser was first published in…….
a)1814
b)1879
c)1950
16.
‘Endymion’, ‘On a Grecian Urn’, ‘To Psyche’ was written by…….
a)Lawrence
b)Rupert Brooke
c)John Keats
17.
Endymion was published in………..
a)1818
b)1871
c)1817
18.
John Keats was died at the age of………..
a)26
b)50
c)60
19.
John Keats died because of…….
a)Cancer
b)TB
c)Cough
20.
In……………………new leaves and fruits come out on trees.
a)summer
b)Autumn
c)spring
21.
………………was a great lover of Nature.
a)John Keats
b)Kamala Das
c)Walt Whitman
22.
Autumn is season of mellow…………
a)fruitfulness
b)no rain
c)no fire
23.
Each stanza of ‘Ode To Autumn’ consists…………
a)11 lines
b)12 lines
c)13 lines
24.
Who has been personified in “Ode To Autumn’?
a)Spring
b)Autumn
c)Summer
Short Answer Type Question
1. What
happens in autumn?
Ans. In
autumn fruit ripen, crops are harvested, and apple juice is extracted.
2. How
are autumn and summer related to spring?
Ans. Autumn
and summer are related to spring as old age and youth are related to
adolescence.
3. How
do the sun and summer help in ripeness of fruits in autumn?
Ans. The sun
and summer help the blossoms turn into fruit, and let the fruit grow. In autumn
they reach their maturity and are filled with flesh and juice.
4. In
what sense does the sun conspire with autumn?
Ans. The sun
conspires with autumn to load plants and trees with abundance of fruit and
ripen the fruit to the core.
5. Who
are depicted as friends in the first two lines?
Ans. Autumn
and the sun are depicted as friends in the first two lines.
6. New
leaves and fruits grow on trees in a particular seasons. Which is that?
Ans. In
autumn fruits and new leaves appear.
Explanation
1. “Season
of mists and mellow fruitfulness close bosom friend of the maturing sun.”
Ans. The
poet is talking about autumn. He briefly describes the season and immediately
jumps into personification suggesting that autumn and sun are old friends. It
also a season when many fruits and other crops are harvested, making autumn
fruitful.
जिस poem के लाइन में Season,
conspiring, twitter, cottage trees, plump, cease, granary, hook, breast रहे तो वह line Ode to autumn का होगा.
Summary
in Hindi
शरद धुंध व फलों के पकने का मौसम है | कवि शरद का मानवीकरण
करता है | शरद बूढ़े सूर्य का मित्र है | वे दोनों बेलों और पेड़ों पर फलों से लादने
और उन्हें अंदर तक पकाने की योजना बनाते हैं | वे कुछ पछेते फूल भी मधुमक्खियों के
लिए खिलाते हैं यद्प्पी उनके छत्ते पहले ही
शहद से भरपूर हैं |
दूसरे छंद में कवि शरद का मानवीकरण जारी रखता है | अब शरद विभिन्न भेषों में प्रकट होता है | वास्तव में यह शरद ऋतु में
गर्म ग्रामों के दृश्य हैं | शरद को किसान के रूप में प्रस्तुत किया गया है जो फसल
काटते-काटते सो गया है | यह नींद उसको
पोस्त की गंध के कारण आ गई है|
एक अन्य किसान हैं जिसने फसल काट ली है | वह निश्चिन्त है | वह खलिहान के फर्श पर
बैठा है जबकि हल्की ओसाई पवन उसके बालों से खिलवाड़ कर रही है |
अब शरद सेब के कोल्हू में से टपकते रस को धैर्य से निहार रहा है | अब
शरद सिल्ल बीनने वाली बन जाता है| अनाज की गठरी उसके सिर पर है और वह सरिता पार कर
रही है |
तीसरे छंद में कवि शरद का मानवीकरण नहीं करता है | वह हमें याद दिलाता है कि शरद
बिना संगीत के नहीं है| निःसंदेह इसका संगीत वसंत के संगीत की भांति सुरीला नहीं
है | इसका संगीत उदासी भरा है | परंतु वह वसंत के संगीत से भी घटिया नहीं है | शाम
के समय जब सूरज छुपता है और खेत गुलाबी दिखाई देता है, हम नदी के पास उगी झाड़ियों
में से आता मच्छर का दर्द भरा संगीत सुन सकते हैं| हमें मेमनों का मिमियाना और
झींगुर का गीत सुन सकते हैं | हमें रोबिन सिटी और आकाश में इकठ्ठी होती अबविलों की
चहचाहट सुनाई पड़ती है
